Acne is the term for plugged pores (blackheads and whiteheads), pimples, and even deeper lumps (cysts or nodules) that occur on the face, neck, chest, back, shoulders and even the upper arms.  It is a disorder of the pilosebaceous unit, which is made of a hair follicle, sebaceous gland and a hair. Sebaceous glands produce a substance called sebum, which is responsible for keeping the skin and hair moisturised. Acne develops as a result of follicle blockages, sebaceous glands enlarge and sebum production amplifies with increased androgens. Sebum and dead skin cells clog pores, causing whiteheads.

Acne mostly affects teenagers to some extent, however, it is not restricted to any age group.  Adults in their 20s and even into their 40s can get acne.  While acne is not a life threatening condition, acne can be upsetting and effect an individual’s self esteem.  Furthermore, when severe, acne can lead to serious and permanent scarring.  The only sure method of preventing or limiting the extent of scars is to treat acne early in its course, and for as long as necessary. The more that inflammation can be prevented or moderated, the more likely it is that scars can be prevented.